Giant Cell Arteritis Clinical Features Symptoms of Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) can present as subacute, but abrupt presentations can occur in some patients. Many symptoms are nonspecific of GCA, but others can strongly suggest the presence of GCA. Constitutional symptoms: Systemic symptoms are common and include fever, weight loss, malaise, and fatigue. Fevers are […]

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  The mnemonic “DIAPPERS” can be helpful in remembering the categories of “transient” urinary incontinence. Delirium– When delirium is present, it impedes the recognition of both the need to void and the location of the nearest toilet. Incontinence is common among hospitalized patients with delirium; once it clears, incontinence usually resolves. Infection– Symptomatic urinary tract […]